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The Vietnam Annam 1 Phan, dated 1793-1800 and cataloged as KM#160.1, stands as a noteworthy representation of late 18th-century Vietnamese coinage. This particular coin was minted during the reign of Emperor Canh Hung, who ruled from 1786 to 1792. Emperor Canh Hung was an important figure in Vietnamese history, known for his efforts to restore stability and consolidate power after a period of internal conflict and external threats. The issuance of the 1 Phan coin reflects the emperor's attempts to strengthen the economic foundation of his realm and assert his authority through standardized currency.
The obverse of the 1 Phan coin features inscriptions in Chinese characters, which were commonly used on Vietnamese coins of the period. These inscriptions typically include the denomination of the coin, "1 Phan," along with the emperor's title and possibly the reign period. The use of Chinese characters was a traditional practice that symbolized both the cultural influence of China and the continuity of historical practices in Vietnamese numismatics. The design on this side of the coin serves to authenticate its value and provide a clear designation of its purpose in transactions.
On the reverse side of the coin, additional inscriptions or decorative elements may be present, complementing the obverse design. The reverse often features patterns or motifs intended to enhance the coin's aesthetic appeal and prevent counterfeiting. These elements are carefully crafted and reflect the artistic and technical standards of the time. The intricate designs on the reverse side are not only functional but also serve as a testament to the craftsmanship and artistic achievements of the era.
The minting of the 1 Phan coin took place at state-operated facilities within Vietnam. These mints were responsible for producing the currency used throughout the country, playing a crucial role in the economic stability of the Nguyen dynasty. The minting process of the period involved hand-operated presses, which allowed for the precise creation of detailed designs and inscriptions. Although specific mint locations for the KM#160.1 coin are not well-documented, the general practices of the time offer insight into the production methods and technological capabilities of the era.
In Very Fine (VF) condition, the 1 Phan coin shows signs of moderate wear, which is typical for coins that have been circulated and used over time. The design elements on the obverse, including the inscriptions and the emperor's title, remain visible but display some wear and softness due to circulation. The details may appear slightly worn on the high points, with some erosion affecting the clarity of the inscriptions. On the reverse side, the decorative patterns and motifs are also worn but still recognizable. The overall appearance of the coin in VF condition reflects its history of use while retaining significant historical and numismatic value.
The Vietnam Annam 1 Phan from 1793-1800 is a valuable artifact for collectors and historians interested in the numismatic history of Vietnam. Its association with Emperor Canh Hung and the Nguyen dynasty provides insight into the political and economic context of late 18th-century Vietnam. The coin’s design, minting history, and condition offer a comprehensive view of the period's coinage practices. Collectors value the KM#160.1 not only for its historical significance but also for its artistic design and the role it played in the broader narrative of Vietnamese numismatic heritage.