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The 1867 US Two Cent Piece is a fascinating example of mid-19th century American coinage, reflecting a unique period in the nation's history. Introduced during a time of significant change and reconstruction following the Civil War, the Two Cent Piece was one of the first coins to feature a national motto, making it a notable piece in American numismatic history. The coin was produced in response to the economic needs of the era and the desire to create a more practical and symbolic form of currency. The 1867 version of this coin is particularly interesting due to its historical context and design, as well as its relative rarity in higher grades such as AU (Almost Uncirculated).
The Two Cent Piece was first authorized by the Coinage Act of 1864, largely as a response to the shortage of small change in circulation. The coin was intended to address the growing need for lower denomination currency, which was essential for everyday transactions. The 1864 issue was followed by subsequent years of minting, including the 1867 coin, which reflects both the continuity and evolution of this design. The post-war period was a time of rebuilding and economic adjustment, and the issuance of the Two Cent Piece was part of a broader effort to stabilize and standardize American currency.
The design of the 1867 Two Cent Piece is distinctive and highly symbolic. The obverse of the coin features a shield with a central banner inscribed with the motto "IN GOD WE TRUST," which was introduced to American coinage in 1864. This motto, chosen to reflect the national sentiment and religious faith of the period, is flanked by a laurel wreath. The shield design, which includes a depiction of stripes and stars, represents the strength and unity of the nation. The inscription "UNITED STATES OF AMERICA" encircles the shield, emphasizing the coin's role as a symbol of national identity and unity.
On the reverse of the coin, the design is equally emblematic. It features a simple yet powerful wreath of laurel and oak leaves surrounding the denomination "2 CENTS" within a ribbon. This design was meant to convey both honor and practicality, combining elements of classical symbolism with a straightforward representation of the coin's value. The choice of laurel and oak leaves reflects themes of victory and strength, appropriate for a nation emerging from the trials of war and reconstruction. The overall design of the Two Cent Piece is a blend of symbolic and functional elements, making it a memorable and important coin in American history.
The 1867 Two Cent Piece was minted at the Philadelphia Mint, which was the primary minting facility in the United States at the time. The minting process involved the use of copper, which was the standard material for the denomination. The mintage figures for the 1867 Two Cent Piece are relatively modest compared to other denominations of the period, which adds to its appeal among collectors. The exact mintage for the 1867 issue was approximately 15.3 million coins, reflecting a significant production but still a lower number compared to other more common denominations of the era.
In terms of condition, the 1867 Two Cent Piece in Almost Uncirculated (AU) grade is characterized by minimal wear, with the coin retaining most of its original detail and luster. Coins in AU condition exhibit light friction on the high points, but the overall design remains sharp and well-defined. The surfaces may show some signs of handling or light contact marks, but these are generally minor and do not detract significantly from the coin's overall appearance. The AU grade reflects a coin that has been preserved well and has not been heavily circulated, making it a valuable example for collectors interested in high-quality specimens from this period.
Overall, the 1867 US Two Cent Piece is a significant coin both historically and numismatically. Its design reflects the values and aspirations of the post-Civil War era, while its minting and condition provide insights into the economic and political context of the time. Collectors value this coin for its historical importance, symbolic design, and the relative rarity of high-grade examples. The 1867 Two Cent Piece remains a compelling piece of American coinage, representing an important chapter in the nation's numismatic history.