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The 1882 Shield Nickel is a significant example of late 19th-century American coinage. This coin belongs to the Shield Nickel series, which began in 1866 and concluded in 1883. The series was an important development in U.S. coinage as it introduced the use of nickel as a primary metal for smaller denominations. This innovation marked a shift from the previous reliance on silver and copper. The 1882 issue, produced during the latter part of this series, reflects the ongoing use and adaptation of nickel coins in daily transactions and their role in the broader economic landscape of the time.
The design of the 1882 Shield Nickel is characterized by its simplicity and functionality, consistent with the aesthetic principles of the era. On the obverse, the coin features a prominent shield with vertical stripes, which symbolizes strength and protection. Surrounding the shield are thirteen stars, representing the original thirteen colonies of the United States. The motto "E PLURIBUS UNUM" is positioned above the shield, underscoring the unity of the nation. Notably, the 1882 Shield Nickel does not include rays around the shield, as these were removed from the design in 1867 to simplify production and reduce costs.
The reverse side of the 1882 Shield Nickel showcases a wreath composed of olive and corn, encircling the denomination "5 C" which indicates the coin’s value of five cents. The inscription "UNITED STATES OF AMERICA" encircles the wreath, and the word "NICKEL" is located below, signifying the material used in the coin's production. The design emphasizes the coin's role as a low-denomination piece intended for everyday use, while the wreath symbolizes peace and prosperity. This design was a continuation of the themes established in earlier Shield Nickel issues, maintaining a consistent look throughout the series.
The 1882 Shield Nickel was minted at the Philadelphia Mint, which was the primary minting facility for U.S. coins at that time. The total mintage of the 1882 Shield Nickel is approximately 9,400,000 pieces. This high mintage reflects the coin's role in everyday transactions and its widespread use during the late 19th century. The substantial production numbers indicate that the 1882 Shield Nickel was a common sight in circulation, though it is now relatively scarce in higher grades due to the wear and attrition experienced by coins in everyday use.
In Good (G) condition, the 1882 Shield Nickel exhibits noticeable wear and loss of detail. The high points of the coin, such as the shield, stars, and wreath, are worn flat, leading to a significant reduction in relief and design clarity. The inscriptions, including "E PLURIBUS UNUM" and "UNITED STATES OF AMERICA," are present but may be heavily worn and partially obscured. The overall surface of the coin shows significant signs of wear, with flattened features and diminished detail. Despite these conditions, the 1882 Shield Nickel remains a collectible item due to its historical significance and its place within the Shield Nickel series.
Collectors of U.S. coins value the 1882 Shield Nickel for its role in the evolution of American numismatic history. As one of the final issues in the Shield Nickel series, it represents the culmination of a design and metal composition that played an important role in U.S. coinage. The coin serves as a tangible link to the late 19th century, offering insights into the economic and historical context of the period. Its place in the broader narrative of American coinage highlights both the Mint’s design choices and the practical needs of the American economy during that era.