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The 1882 Shield Nickel is a significant coin in the history of U.S. numismatics, marking the later years of the Shield Nickel series which was initially introduced in 1866. This series, designed by James B. Longacre, was one of the first to utilize nickel as a primary metal for five-cent coinage, reflecting the Mint's efforts to produce a more durable and cost-effective coin compared to its predecessors. The 1882 date falls during a period of transition for the coin series, just before the introduction of the Liberty Head design that would replace the Shield Nickel in 1883.
The design of the 1882 Shield Nickel continues the themes established by its earlier counterparts. On the obverse side, the coin features a large shield, adorned with vertical stripes that symbolize strength and protection. This shield is flanked by thirteen stars, representing the original thirteen colonies that formed the United States. The inscription “E PLURIBUS UNUM” arches above the shield, signifying the unity of the nation. The overall design of the obverse is meant to convey resilience and national pride, resonating with the post-Civil War sentiment of the era.
On the reverse, the 1882 Shield Nickel showcases a wreath of olive and corn surrounding the denomination “5 C” to indicate its value. The inscription “UNITED STATES OF AMERICA” encircles the wreath, while the word “NICKEL” is placed below it. The wreath represents peace and prosperity, while the clear denomination denotes the coin's role in everyday transactions. This reverse design was selected to clearly communicate the coin's function as a piece of circulating currency and to embody the values of the nation during a time of growth and change.
The 1882 Shield Nickel was minted at the Philadelphia Mint, which was the primary minting facility responsible for producing U.S. coins during this period. The total mintage of the 1882 Shield Nickel is estimated at 4,510,000 pieces. This relatively high mintage reflects the ongoing demand for nickel coinage during the late 19th century and indicates the widespread use of the Shield Nickel in everyday commerce. Despite its higher mintage compared to some other years, the 1882 Shield Nickel remains an important part of the series due to its role in the transition to new designs.
In About Good (AG) condition, the 1882 Shield Nickel exhibits significant wear that affects the overall appearance of the coin. The high points of the design, including the shield and wreath, show considerable erosion and smoothing, resulting in a loss of finer details. The inscriptions and design elements are still somewhat discernible but less distinct, with much of the original relief having been worn down through circulation. The coin's overall appearance in AG condition reflects its extensive use, with heavy wear impacting the visibility of key features.
Despite its worn state, the 1882 Shield Nickel remains a valuable piece for collectors and numismatists. Its historical significance as part of the Shield Nickel series, combined with its relatively high mintage, makes it an important example of late 19th-century U.S. coinage. The coin's design and production history highlight the Mint's efforts to adapt and innovate in response to the evolving needs of the American economy. Collectors appreciate the 1882 Shield Nickel for its role in the broader context of U.S. numismatic history and as a representation of the transitional period leading up to the introduction of the Liberty Head design.