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The 1867 Shield Nickel without Rays is an important and collectible piece of American numismatic history, representing a transitional design in U.S. coinage. Struck during a period of significant change at the U.S. Mint, this coin marks the end of the initial Shield Nickel design era, as it was one of the first coins produced without the rays that had been included in the earlier 1866 issue. The absence of the rays was part of an effort to simplify the design and make the coinage process more efficient.
The Shield Nickel was introduced in 1866 as a new type of five-cent piece, replacing the old half dime. Designed by James B. Longacre, the coin initially featured a shield with rays emanating from it, symbolizing strength and protection. However, the design faced criticism and practical issues, leading the Mint to revise it. The 1867 Shield Nickel without Rays is a direct result of this design revision, reflecting a shift towards a cleaner and more streamlined appearance.
The obverse of the 1867 Shield Nickel without Rays features a central shield with vertical stripes, a design element that symbolizes the strength and unity of the nation. Surrounding the shield are thirteen stars, representing the original colonies. The banner at the top reads "E PLURIBUS UNUM," reinforcing the theme of national unity. The removal of the rays from the previous year's design simplified the coin and allowed for easier production. In About Good (AG) condition, the details of the shield and stars are significantly worn, but the general design is still discernible. The high points of the shield and the stars around the edge are less defined, and the inscriptions may be partially obscured due to wear.
The reverse of the 1867 Shield Nickel displays a central denomination of "5 C" surrounded by a wreath composed of olive and corn. The inscription "UNITED STATES OF AMERICA" encircles the wreath, while "NICKEL" is placed above the denomination. This reverse design emphasizes the coin's value and its role as part of the nation's currency. In AG condition, the details of the wreath and the inscriptions are worn, making them less distinct but still recognizable. The overall design remains evident despite the significant wear.
The 1867 Shield Nickel without Rays was minted at the Philadelphia Mint, which was the primary facility for U.S. coin production during this period. The total mintage for this coin was approximately 4,035,000 pieces. This relatively high mintage reflects the demand for new coins and the importance of the Shield Nickel in the nation's currency system. The 1867 issue marks a significant change from the previous year, as it transitioned to a simpler design that would be used in subsequent Shield Nickel issues.
In About Good (AG) condition, the 1867 Shield Nickel without Rays shows considerable wear, which affects the clarity of the design elements. The high points of the coin, such as the shield and the wreath, are worn down, and the inscriptions on both the obverse and reverse may be partially obscured. Despite the wear, the coin retains its basic design features and historical significance. It provides valuable insight into the evolution of American coinage during the mid-19th century.
Overall, the 1867 Shield Nickel without Rays is a significant piece in the history of American coinage. Its design reflects the changes and improvements made by the U.S. Mint as it sought to create a more practical and efficient coinage system. The absence of the rays, combined with the high mintage, makes this coin an interesting and collectible item for numismatists. Despite its wear, the 1867 Shield Nickel without Rays remains a noteworthy example of a pivotal moment in U.S. coinage history, offering a glimpse into the design and production challenges faced by the Mint during this period.