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The 1855 US Large Cent, also known as the Braided Hair Large Cent, is a distinguished coin in American numismatics, celebrated for its historical significance and intricate design. As a representation of mid-19th century American coinage, the 1855 Large Cent reflects the era's economic conditions and artistic tastes. This particular coin is notable for its "Upright 55" variety, which adds an extra layer of interest for collectors and historians alike. Struck during a time of significant change and growth in the United States, the 1855 Large Cent offers a glimpse into the nation's past.
The 1855 Large Cent was part of the series produced by the U.S. Mint from 1840 to 1857, known for its Braided Hair design. This design, created by Chief Engraver James B. Longacre, was introduced to replace the earlier Liberty Head design. The obverse of the 1855 Large Cent features a portrait of Liberty with a braided hairstyle, which gives the coin its nickname. Liberty is depicted with her hair braided and tied with a ribbon, embodying a sense of elegance and grace. The surrounding legend reads "LIBERTY," and the date is prominently displayed at the bottom.
The reverse of the 1855 Large Cent showcases a wreath of corn, wheat, and other agricultural elements, a common theme in American coinage of that period, symbolizing the country's agrarian roots and prosperity. Inside the wreath is the denomination "ONE CENT," which is both clear and prominent. The wreath’s design is complemented by its intricate detailing, adding to the coin’s overall aesthetic appeal. The design was intended to reflect the nation's pride in its agricultural abundance and to convey stability and growth.
The 1855 Large Cent, particularly in its "Upright 55" variety, is distinguished by the unique positioning of the "55" in the date. In this variety, the numbers in the date are aligned in an upright position, differing from other variations of the year. This subtle difference may seem minor, but it is a significant detail for collectors, who often seek out these variations for their rarity and uniqueness. The "Upright 55" variety is prized among enthusiasts for its distinctiveness, adding to the coin's historical and collectible value.
Minted at the Philadelphia Mint, the 1855 Large Cent is part of a series that experienced fluctuating mintage figures due to changes in public demand and economic conditions. The mintage of the 1855 Large Cent was relatively modest, with approximately 5,000,000 coins produced. This number reflects the period's demand for currency and the Mint's capacity to produce these large, heavy coins. The mintage figures for the 1855 Large Cent demonstrate the era's economic activity and the coin's role in everyday transactions.
In terms of condition, the 1855 Large Cent in Extra Fine (EF) grade exhibits significant wear but retains much of its original detail. In this grade, the coin shows light to moderate wear on high points, with some remaining sharp details in the design elements. The coin's surface may display minor abrasions or scratches, but overall, it retains its distinct features and legibility. An Extra Fine grade is a desirable condition for collectors, as it strikes a balance between affordability and the preservation of the coin’s historical attributes.
Collectors and historians value the 1855 Large Cent not only for its design and historical context but also for its role in American numismatics. As a coin from a transformative period in U.S. history, it represents the nation's growth and evolution. The Braided Hair design, with its detailed artistry and symbolism, remains a significant part of American coinage history. The 1855 Large Cent, with its "Upright 55" variety, continues to capture the interest of collectors and enthusiasts who appreciate its unique attributes and historical significance.
In summary, the 1855 US Large Cent is a coin that embodies the spirit of mid-19th century America, featuring a design that reflects both artistic and cultural values of the time. The "Upright 55" variety adds an extra layer of interest for collectors, making this coin a valuable addition to any numismatic collection. With its historical context, distinctive design, and collectible value, the 1855 Large Cent stands as a testament to America's rich coinage history.