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The US Half Cent 1804 Crosslet 4 Stems VG is an exceptional artifact of early American coinage, offering a glimpse into the nation's economic and numismatic development during the early 19th century. Designed by Robert Scot, the Crosslet 4 Stems variety is notable for its unique features and historical significance. The 1804 issue, struck at the Philadelphia Mint, holds a special place in numismatic collections, embodying the craftsmanship and aspirations of a young republic.
Robert Scot's design features Lady Liberty facing right, her hair elegantly draped and tied with a ribbon. Thirteen stars are arranged above her head, symbolizing the original states of the Union. This portrayal of Liberty, characterized by its classical elegance and detailed features, reflects the neoclassical artistic influences prevalent during the early republic. The Crosslet 4 variety is distinguished by the crosslet ends on the numeral 4 in the date, making it a sought-after variety among collectors.
The reverse of the Half Cent displays a wreath encircling the denomination "1/200" and the date "1804." The stems of the wreath extend prominently, adding to the distinctive characteristics of this variety. Tied with a bow at the bottom, the wreath symbolizes agricultural themes significant to America's economy and national identity. The design's composition strikes a balance between symbolic elements and practical considerations, embodying the values and aspirations of the growing nation.
Produced exclusively at the Philadelphia Mint, the 1804 Crosslet 4 Stems Half Cent was struck under the supervision of Chief Coiner Robert Scot. Established in 1792, the Philadelphia Mint played a crucial role in shaping American coinage, ensuring quality and consistency in every coin minted. Its reputation for excellence was built on technological advancements that enhanced the precision and durability of early coinage.
The mintage of the 1804 Crosslet 4 Stems Half Cent was relatively low, with approximately 1,055,312 pieces struck. This figure reflects the demand for small denomination coins in daily commerce and the economic conditions during the presidency of Thomas Jefferson. Surviving examples in Very Good (VG) condition, such as this specimen, exhibit moderate wear but retain enough detail to discern major design elements.
In Very Good condition, the 1804 Crosslet 4 Stems Half Cent typically exhibits wear that has softened the high points of Liberty's portrait and the wreath on the reverse. Despite circulation, key details such as Liberty's profile and the wreath's structure remain visible, offering insights into the coin's original appearance and the era in which it circulated. The crosslet 4 and prominent stems on the reverse are distinguishing features that collectors find particularly appealing.
Beyond its numismatic value, the 1804 Crosslet 4 Stems Half Cent provides a tangible link to America's early history and economic development. Small denomination coins like the Half Cent were essential for facilitating trade and transactions, supporting economic growth and stability across the expanding nation. Each coin serves as a testament to the ingenuity and resilience of the American people during a transformative period.
Today, collectors and historians prize the 1804 Crosslet 4 Stems Half Cent for its historical significance, artistic merit, and scarcity. Each surviving specimen represents a piece of American heritage, embodying the aspirations and achievements of a nation forging its identity in the early decades of the 19th century. The 1804 Classic Head Half Cent remains a cherished artifact, reflecting the enduring legacy of early American coinage and the historical narratives it represents.