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The Seated Liberty Half Dollar, minted in 1856 at the New Orleans Mint, is a significant piece of American numismatic history. Struck during a time when the United States was expanding both geographically and economically, this coin reflects the stylistic and cultural influences of its era. The Seated Liberty design, created by engraver Christian Gobrecht, features Lady Liberty seated on a rock, symbolizing strength and stability. This particular coin, known as the 1856-O, is part of a series that is highly regarded by collectors due to its historical context and aesthetic appeal.
The obverse of the 1856-O Seated Liberty Half Dollar showcases the iconic depiction of Liberty, who is shown holding a liberty cap in her right hand and a shield in her left. The cap, a symbol of freedom, rests on a pole beside her, while the shield signifies protection. Surrounding her figure are the words “LIBERTY” inscribed prominently, along with the date below. The design embodies the spirit of American independence and the values that were deeply rooted in the national consciousness during the mid-19th century.
On the reverse side, the coin features a heraldic eagle, which represents strength and freedom. The eagle clutches arrows in one talon and an olive branch in the other, symbolizing the dual nature of the American spirit—both warrior and peacekeeper. The inscription “UNITED STATES OF AMERICA” arcs above the eagle, while the denomination “HALF DOLLAR” is clearly marked below. The details on the reverse are intricate, and the overall design reflects the craftsmanship of the period, making it a desirable collectible.
The 1856-O Seated Liberty Half Dollar has a mintage of approximately 1.5 million coins, which may seem significant, but when considering the age of the coin and its subsequent survival rate, it becomes clear that this coin is relatively rare, particularly in Extra Fine condition. The New Orleans Mint was known for its lower production quality compared to its counterparts, leading to a lower number of coins surviving in better conditions. Consequently, collectors actively seek out this coin not only for its artistic value but also for its historical significance and relative scarcity.
As a coin graded Extra Fine, the 1856-O Seated Liberty Half Dollar exhibits moderate wear while still retaining a significant amount of detail in its design. Features such as Liberty’s flowing hair and the intricate details of the eagle can still be observed, showcasing the craftsmanship of the minting process. Collectors often appreciate coins in this condition for the balance they strike between affordability and visual appeal, allowing them to own a piece of history that tells the story of the United States during a pivotal time in its development.