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The Panama 50 centesimos coin from 1978, designated as KM#50 in the Independence series and graded as Proof (PF), represents a numismatic masterpiece that reflects the rich history and culture of Panama. With its intricate design and historical significance, this coin stands as a testament to Panama's enduring journey towards independence and sovereignty.
Historically, Panama has a complex past intertwined with various colonial powers. This coin's production in 1978 came at a time when Panama was commemorating the centenary of its separation from Colombia and the birth of the Republic of Panama. The event that catalyzed this separation was the declaration of independence on November 3, 1903, with the support of the United States. The Panama Canal, a crucial artery of global trade, was also a central theme in Panama's history during this period, as it transitioned from U.S. control to Panamanian sovereignty in 1979, further emphasizing the country's path to independence.
The obverse (front) of the coin showcases a captivating portrayal of the Panama Canal's Miraflores Locks. The Miraflores Locks are an essential component of the canal's engineering marvel, allowing ships to traverse the elevation changes between the Pacific Ocean and the canal's artificial Gatun Lake. This depiction highlights Panama's vital role in global trade and the significance of the canal as a connector of oceans and continents. The intricate detailing of the locks, ships, and surrounding landscape serves as a testament to the importance of this feat of engineering. Around the depiction of the Miraflores Locks, the inscription "CANAL DE PANAMA" is prominently displayed, emphasizing the coin's focus on this iconic symbol of Panama's history and significance on the world stage. The reverse (back) of the coin features the national emblem of Panama. This emblematic design consists of a shield flanked by laurel branches, a common motif symbolizing victory and peace. Within the shield, the national flag of Panama and the United States flag are intertwined, signifying the historical relationship between the two countries, especially in the context of the Panama Canal's construction and eventual transfer to Panamanian control.
The central figure of this emblem is a harpy eagle, Panama's national bird. The harpy eagle, a symbol of strength and freedom, holds a serpent in its talons, signifying the triumph over adversity. Atop the shield is a Phrygian cap, a symbol of liberty and freedom, which further underscores the theme of Panama's independence.
Encircling the emblem is the inscription "REPUBLICA DE PANAMA," a proud declaration of Panama's status as a sovereign republic.
The Panama 50 centesimos coin has a diameter of approximately 28 millimeters, making it a sizable and visually striking piece. Typically, it weighs around 10 grams. The coin's composition is primarily cupronickel, a durable alloy of copper and nickel. This composition ensures the coin's longevity and resistance to wear and corrosion, making it suitable for collectors and enthusiasts alike.
While this coin does not contain precious metals like gold or silver, its Proof (PF) finish adds significant value. Proof coins are meticulously struck with exceptional attention to detail, resulting in sharp, well-defined designs, mirrored backgrounds, and pristine finishes. Often produced in limited quantities, Proof coins are highly coveted by collectors due to their exceptional quality and historical significance.
As for minting, the Panama 50 centesimos coin from 1978 was likely produced at the Casa de Moneda de México (the Mexican Mint) in Mexico City. While precise mintage figures can vary, it is estimated that thousands of these coins were struck, ensuring their availability to collectors and enthusiasts alike.
An interesting fact about Panama is its strategic position as the crossroads of the world. The Panama Canal, often dubbed the "Gateway to the World," is one of the most critical maritime passages globally, facilitating the movement of goods and connecting the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Panama's unique geographical location has made it a hub for international trade and commerce.
In conclusion, the Panama 50 centesimos coin from 1978, cataloged as KM#50 in the Independence series and graded as Proof (PF), encapsulates Panama's rich history and journey towards independence. Its exquisite design, substantial size, and Proof finish make it a cherished numismatic collectible. This coin symbolizes Panama's central role in global trade and its historical ties to the United States, particularly in the context of the Panama Canal. As a celebration of Panama's centenary of independence from Colombia, it holds a special place in the world of numismatics and serves as a testament to Panama's enduring quest for sovereignty and freedom.