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The Liberty V Nickel of 1891 is a distinguished example of American coinage from the late 19th century, reflecting a time of economic growth and transformation in the United States. Introduced in 1883, the Liberty V Nickel was designed by Charles E. Barber, the Chief Engraver at the U.S. Mint. This coin was created to replace the Shield Nickel, which had not fully met the public's expectations for both durability and aesthetics. The Liberty V Nickel, including the 1891 issue, played a crucial role in everyday transactions, embodying both the economic and artistic qualities of the era.
The year 1891 was marked by a period of relative stability and prosperity in the United States. Following the economic depression of the 1890s, the country was experiencing a period of recovery and growth. The production of the Liberty V Nickel during this time reflects its importance as a standard form of currency that was widely used by the American public. The 1891 Liberty V Nickel thus represents a snapshot of American economic life, highlighting the role of coinage in facilitating commerce and daily transactions.
The design of the 1891 Liberty V Nickel is a classic example of late 19th-century American coinage. On the obverse, the coin features a profile portrait of Liberty facing left, adorned with a coronet that reads "LIBERTY." Surrounding Liberty's head are thirteen stars, symbolizing the original thirteen colonies that formed the United States. The design emphasizes the themes of liberty and national pride. The reverse of the coin displays the Roman numeral "V," signifying the five-cent denomination, surrounded by a laurel wreath that represents honor and victory. The inscriptions "UNITED STATES OF AMERICA" and "FIVE CENTS" are arranged around the central elements, providing clear information about the coin's value and country of origin. This design combines classical motifs with practical elements, making it both aesthetically pleasing and functional.
The 1891 Liberty V Nickel was minted at the Philadelphia Mint, which was the primary facility for producing this coin series. The total mintage for the 1891 issue was approximately 5,118,000 coins. This significant number indicates that the Liberty V Nickel was widely circulated and played a substantial role in the American economy during this period. The relatively high mintage reflects its importance as a standard denomination used in everyday transactions across the country.
In terms of condition, a Very Fine-grade Liberty V Nickel from 1891 exhibits noticeable but moderate wear. In Very Fine condition, the coin will have detailed features with some wear on high points. On the obverse, Liberty's profile remains well-defined, though there will be evidence of wear on her hair and coronet. The thirteen stars surrounding her head will be clear but may show slight flattening. The reverse of the coin will have visible details, with the Roman numeral "V" and the laurel wreath retaining much of their definition. The inscriptions "UNITED STATES OF AMERICA" and "FIVE CENTS" will be present, though the letters may exhibit minor wear and softness. Overall, a Very Fine-grade coin provides a balance between practical usage and collectible value, reflecting its history as a widely circulated piece of currency.
The 1891 Liberty V Nickel is a notable example of late 19th-century American numismatics, representing a period of economic recovery and growth. Its design, minting history, and condition offer valuable insights into the coin's role in American commerce and daily life. As a collectible, the 1891 Liberty V Nickel provides a tangible connection to the era, capturing the essence of a time when coinage played a central role in facilitating transactions and reflecting national pride.