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The Italian States Naples & Sicily 120 Grana 1825 is a noteworthy example of early 19th-century Italian coinage, reflecting the unique historical and political context of its time. Issued under the rule of Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies, this coin embodies the transition of the region's currency system during a period of significant change. The coin was minted during a time when the Kingdom of Naples and Sicily was undergoing considerable political and economic transformation, including shifts in governance and monetary policy.
Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies, who reigned from 1816 to 1825, was a key figure in the history of the Kingdom of Naples and Sicily. His reign followed the Napoleonic era and marked a return to traditional monarchic rule after the upheaval of the French occupation. The coinage of this period, including the 120 Grana, reflects the broader efforts to stabilize and standardize the currency as the kingdom navigated its post-Napoleonic reconstruction.
The design of the 120 Grana 1825 is representative of the artistic and symbolic motifs prevalent in Italian coinage of the early 19th century. The obverse of the coin features a detailed, right-facing portrait of Ferdinand I. The king is depicted with a dignified expression, and his likeness is rendered with fine detail, capturing the intricacies of his royal attire and regalia. Surrounding the portrait is the inscription "FERDINANDUS I REX," signifying his status as king and the official nature of the coinage.
On the reverse, the coin displays a heraldic shield encased within a laurel wreath. The shield features the arms of the Kingdom of Naples and Sicily, which are emblematic of the unity and sovereignty of the realm. The denomination “120 GRANA” is prominently inscribed around the shield, indicating the coin's value. The use of the laurel wreath serves as a classical symbol of victory and authority, further emphasizing the coin’s significance within the kingdom’s monetary system.
The 120 Grana 1825 was minted at the Naples Mint, known for its high standards of coin production. The minting process during this period involved the use of advanced techniques for the time, ensuring that the coins produced were of excellent quality. The craftsmanship is evident in the clear and detailed designs, which were achieved through careful engraving and precision minting methods. The coin’s overall appearance reflects the skill of the minting artisans and the importance placed on producing durable and visually appealing currency.
Regarding mintage, the 120 Grana 1825 is considered relatively rare compared to other coins from the same period. While specific mintage figures can be challenging to pinpoint precisely, it is generally acknowledged that fewer examples of this coin have survived in good condition. This relative scarcity adds to the coin’s appeal and value among collectors. The XF45 grade assigned by NGC indicates that the coin is in excellent condition for its age, with significant detail retained and only minor wear evident on the surfaces.
Italy’s history during the early 19th century was marked by significant changes and challenges. The period following the Napoleonic Wars saw a reassertion of traditional monarchies and a reorganization of political boundaries. The 120 Grana 1825 stands as a testament to this era of transition, reflecting both the continuity and change within the Italian states. The coin represents a time when Italy was beginning to reestablish its identity and economic stability following the upheavals of the preceding decades.
As an artifact of Italian numismatics, the 120 Grana 1825 offers valuable insights into the period’s monetary system and political climate. Its design, struck with careful attention to detail, and its historical context make it a significant piece for collectors and historians alike. The coin not only reflects the artistic and technical achievements of its time but also serves as a tangible link to Italy’s rich and complex history.