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The Indian Head Cent of 1887 holds a special place in American numismatic history, representing a period of growth and change in the United States. This coin is part of the Indian Head series, which was minted from 1859 to 1909. The Indian Head Cent series is highly regarded among collectors for its historical significance and intricate design, and the 1887 issue is no exception.
The design of the Indian Head Cent was created by James B. Longacre, the Chief Engraver of the United States Mint. The obverse features Liberty wearing a Native American headdress, a unique and iconic design choice that symbolized freedom and unity. The word "LIBERTY" is inscribed on the band of the headdress, and the inscription "UNITED STATES OF AMERICA" surrounds the central portrait, with the date "1887" at the bottom. This design was initially controversial but eventually became a beloved representation of American coinage.
The reverse side of the coin continues the theme of simplicity and elegance. It features a wreath of oak leaves tied with a ribbon at the bottom, symbolizing strength and endurance. Above the wreath is a shield, representing protection and unity. The denomination "ONE CENT" is prominently displayed within the wreath. The artistry and symbolism embedded in the design make it a favorite among collectors and historians.
The Indian Head Cent was struck in bronze, composed of 95% copper and 5% tin and zinc. This composition, adopted in 1864, replaced the earlier copper-nickel alloy used from 1859 to 1864. The bronze composition made the coins more durable and easier to produce, contributing to their long-term circulation and collectibility.
The 1887 Indian Head Cent was minted at the Philadelphia Mint, which was the primary facility for striking coins at the time. The absence of a mint mark on the coin indicates its production at the Philadelphia Mint. In 1887, the total mintage for the Indian Head Cent was approximately 45,223,523, making it a relatively common issue within the series. However, coins in fine condition, like the one described here, are highly sought after by collectors due to their well-preserved details and historical significance.
The historical context of the 1887 Indian Head Cent is significant. The late 19th century was a time of rapid industrialization and expansion in the United States. The country was experiencing significant economic growth and technological advancements. The Indian Head Cent circulated widely during this period, facilitating commerce and everyday transactions. Its presence in the pockets of Americans from various walks of life makes it a tangible piece of history, connecting us to the past.
Collecting Indian Head Cents, including the 1887 issue, is a popular hobby among numismatists. These coins are valued not only for their historical significance but also for their artistic merit. The intricate design and fine craftsmanship of the Indian Head Cent make it a standout piece in any collection. Coins in fine condition, such as this one, exhibit clear details and minimal wear, enhancing their desirability among collectors.
The Indian Head Cent series is notable for its consistency in design. Despite minor variations and adjustments over the years, the core elements of the design remained unchanged. This consistency reflects the enduring popularity of the coin and its acceptance by the American public. Collectors often seek to complete sets of Indian Head Cents, finding joy in the hunt for coins from each year of production.
In conclusion, the 1887 Indian Head Cent is a remarkable coin that offers a glimpse into a pivotal era in American history. Its beautiful design, historical significance, and relatively high mintage make it a cherished piece for collectors. The coin represents the artistry and craftsmanship of the United States Mint during the late 19th century and serves as a lasting symbol of the country's growth and development. Collecting and studying Indian Head Cents like the 1887 issue allows us to connect with the past and appreciate the rich history of American coinage.