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The 1887 Indian Head Cent is a significant coin within the Indian Head Cent series, representing a pivotal era in American numismatic history. The Indian Head Cent series, introduced in 1859, was designed by James B. Longacre and quickly became a symbol of the growing American economy and its burgeoning industrial might. The 1887 edition, minted by the Philadelphia Mint, reflects a time of both economic prosperity and evolving design preferences in U.S. coinage.
In 1887, the U.S. Mint produced approximately 13,530,000 Indian Head Cents. This mintage reflects a period of significant demand for small-denomination coins, driven by the expanding economy and increasing population. The high mintage of the 1887 Indian Head Cent ensured that it circulated widely across the country, playing an essential role in everyday transactions. The coin's presence in the financial system of the late 19th century highlights its importance in the broader context of American economic history.
The design of the 1887 Indian Head Cent is characterized by its distinctive and elegant motifs. On the obverse, the coin features the portrait of Liberty wearing a feathered headdress, which was designed by Chief Engraver James B. Longacre. Liberty’s profile is encircled by the inscription “UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.” The headdress is intricately detailed, with feathers and a band that showcase Longacre’s expertise in engraving. The design reflects both a romanticized view of Native American culture and an artistic representation that was popular during the era.
The reverse of the 1887 Indian Head Cent is equally notable for its design elements. It features a laurel and oak wreath surrounding the denomination “ONE CENT” and the inscription “UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.” The wreath symbolizes strength and honor, with the laurel representing victory and the oak denoting resilience. The ribbon that ties the wreath adds a decorative touch, emphasizing the coin's refined craftsmanship. This reverse design complements the obverse and reinforces the coin’s role as a symbol of American currency.
In Very Fine condition, the 1887 Indian Head Cent exhibits moderate wear that affects the high points of the design. On the obverse, Liberty’s headdress is still recognizable, though some of the finer details, such as the individual feathers and the band, may show signs of softness due to circulation. Liberty’s profile remains clear, but there is noticeable wear on the high points of her face and headdress. The reverse design, including the laurel and oak wreath, retains its general form but may show some flattening of the finer details. The inscriptions and denomination are usually legible, though they may exhibit light wear.
Despite the wear typical of Very Fine coins, the 1887 Indian Head Cent remains an important piece for collectors. Its historical context, design elements, and condition contribute to its appeal. The coin serves as a tangible link to the economic and artistic trends of the late 19th century, reflecting both the practical needs of the time and the aesthetic preferences of the era. The 1887 Indian Head Cent is valued not only for its historical significance but also for its place within the broader Indian Head Cent series.
Overall, the 1887 Indian Head Cent stands out for its blend of historical importance and design elegance. The coin’s high mintage and enduring design make it a noteworthy example of late 19th-century American coinage. Collectors and numismatists value the 1887 Indian Head Cent for its representation of a formative period in American history, its artistic design, and its role in the evolution of U.S. currency.