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The Great Britain 1 Penny 1898 KM#790 UNC is a significant coin in British numismatic history, representing the late Victorian era. This coin is highly valued for its intricate design, historical significance, and the craftsmanship of the Royal Mint. The penny was an essential part of British coinage, widely used for everyday transactions and forming a vital component of the country's monetary system.
The penny has a long history in British currency, originating in the Anglo-Saxon period. By the 19th century, it had become an essential denomination, facilitating various transactions and playing a vital role in the daily lives of the British people. The 1898 penny is part of the bronze coinage that was standard during the Victorian era, reflecting both the economic stability and the industrial growth of the time.
The obverse of the 1898 penny features the portrait of Queen Victoria, designed by Thomas Brock. This depiction of Victoria shows the queen facing left, wearing a crown and a veil, symbolizing her role as both a monarch and a widow. The inscription "VICTORIA DEI GRA BRITT REGINA FID DEF IND IMP" surrounds the portrait, which translates to "Victoria, by the Grace of God, Queen of the Britains, Defender of the Faith, Empress of India." This portrait, known as the "Old Head" or "Veiled Head," was used during the later years of Victoria's reign, reflecting her enduring presence and influence as a monarch.
The reverse design of the Great Britain 1 Penny 1898 KM#790 features a seated Britannia, the personification of Britain, holding a trident and a shield. The inscription "ONE PENNY" is prominently displayed above her, with the date "1898" below. The design also includes the Union Jack on Britannia's shield, symbolizing the unity and strength of the British Empire. The simplicity and elegance of the design symbolize the enduring stability and prosperity of the British Empire during Victoria's reign, known as the Victorian Era, which was characterized by significant industrial, cultural, and scientific advancements.
The coin is struck in bronze, a material chosen for its durability and resistance to wear. The bronze composition, consisting of 95% copper, 4% tin, and 1% zinc, provided the coins with a distinctive color and durability suitable for circulation. The 1898 penny measures approximately 30.8 millimeters in diameter and weighs around 9.45 grams, making it a substantial and significant piece of currency. The penny was a widely circulated coin, used in a variety of everyday transactions, from purchasing small goods to paying for services.
The mintage of the 1898 penny was relatively high, reflecting the production capabilities and economic conditions of the time. Although precise mintage figures are not readily available, it is known that coins from this period are relatively common compared to other denominations. Despite the higher production numbers, the condition of surviving coins varies, with well-preserved examples being particularly sought after by collectors.
The condition of this specific coin is graded as Uncirculated (UNC), indicating that it has seen no circulation and retains all of its original detail. Coins in UNC condition show no wear on the design, with sharp details and a lustrous appearance. For collectors, a coin in UNC grade represents the highest level of preservation, making it a valuable addition to any collection.
During Queen Victoria's reign, Great Britain experienced substantial political, economic, and social changes, including the expansion of the British Empire, the Industrial Revolution, and significant social reforms. The penny coinage of this period reflects the technological advancements and artistic achievements of the era. The detailed designs by Thomas Brock showcase the skill and craftsmanship of the Royal Mint, making these coins valuable pieces of history.
Collectors treasure the Great Britain 1 Penny 1898 KM#790 not only for its numismatic worth but also for its historical significance. Each coin serves as a tangible link to the Victorian era, offering insights into the social and economic conditions of the time. The penny was a common coin in everyday transactions, making it a direct connection to the lives of ordinary people during the late 19th century.
British coinage has a long tradition of celebrating the nation's history and heritage through detailed and meaningful designs. The 1898 penny is a prime example of this tradition, encapsulating the essence of Britain during the reign of Queen Victoria and the values of the era. Its presence in the hands of collectors today helps preserve the legacy of a transformative period in British history.
Great Britain in the late 19th century was a leading global power, driven by advancements in technology and the expansion of its global trade networks. The period was marked by significant developments in industry, science, and culture. The nation's extensive railway network, for instance, facilitated the efficient movement of goods and people, contributing to economic growth and urbanization. Additionally, Britain was known for its global influence and the vastness of its empire, which was often said to be so extensive that the sun never set on it.
In conclusion, the Great Britain 1 Penny 1898 KM#790 UNC is a remarkable numismatic artifact. Its design, historical context, and condition make it a prized addition to any collection. This coin not only represents a period of significant change and growth in British history but also showcases the enduring legacy of Queen Victoria's reign and the artistry of the Royal Mint.