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The Great Britain 1 Penny coin minted in 1897 (KM#790) represents a significant period in British history marked by the reign of Queen Victoria, the last monarch of the House of Hanover. The late 19th century was characterized by the peak of the British Empire, which saw immense industrial growth, colonial expansion, and cultural developments. The 1897 penny was struck during the Victorian era, a time noted for its advancements in technology and its contributions to global commerce. The British economy was thriving, and coins like the 1 Penny served as everyday currency that facilitated trade and transactions across the empire.
The design of the 1897 penny is iconic and reflects the grandeur of the period. The obverse features a mature portrait of Queen Victoria, facing left, surrounded by the inscription "VICTORIA DEI GRA: BRITT: REGINA FID: DEF:" which translates to "Victoria, by the Grace of God, Queen of the Britons, Defender of the Faith." This design, created by the engraver Sir Edward Charles Poynter, emphasizes the royal authority and importance of the monarchy in British society during this time. The reverse showcases a seated figure of Britannia, symbolizing British strength and resilience, holding a trident and shield, with the denomination "ONE PENNY" prominently displayed beneath her. The presence of the date "1897" signifies the year of minting, reinforcing its historical context.
The 1897 penny is struck in bronze, a material that gives it a distinct reddish-brown hue, characteristic of British pennies of this era. The coin is categorized as Brilliant Uncirculated (BU), indicating that it has been preserved in excellent condition with sharp details and original luster. Coins in this condition are relatively rare and sought after by collectors, as they represent the artistry and craftsmanship of the Royal Mint. The high-quality minting process employed during this time ensured that coins like the 1897 penny would endure the test of time, allowing modern collectors to appreciate their historical significance.
In terms of mintage, the 1897 penny was produced in substantial quantities to meet the needs of the British economy. Historical records indicate that over 24 million pieces were struck, making it a common coin during its circulation period. However, the demand for specific varieties, grades, and conditions in the market can lead to fluctuations in availability and pricing. The Brilliant Uncirculated examples of the 1897 penny are particularly desirable among numismatists, as they provide a glimpse into the coin's original appearance before entering circulation.
Overall, the Great Britain 1 Penny 1897 Low Sea Level KM#790 RB BU is not only a piece of currency but also a window into a pivotal time in British history. It captures the essence of the Victorian era, reflecting the prosperity, artistic endeavors, and cultural pride of the period. This coin serves as a valuable addition to any collection, offering a tangible connection to the past and a reminder of the significance of British numismatic heritage.