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The Great Britain 1 Farthing 1956 KM#895 is a coin that offers a fascinating glimpse into the economic and cultural context of mid-20th-century Britain. Although it is a small denomination, the farthing was an essential part of everyday commerce, facilitating the purchase of low-value goods and services during a time when even the smallest units of currency were significant. The 1956 farthing is particularly noteworthy for its historical context and the fine craftsmanship of the Royal Mint during the reign of Queen Elizabeth II.
The farthing has a long history in British coinage, serving as an essential part of the monetary system for centuries. By the mid-20th century, the farthing was still indispensable for minor transactions, enabling people to purchase everyday items such as newspapers, food, and other small goods. The 1956 farthing was minted during a period of significant social and economic change in Britain, reflecting the nation's post-World War II recovery and modernization under the young Queen Elizabeth II.
The obverse of the 1956 farthing features the left-facing bust of Queen Elizabeth II, who ascended to the throne in 1952. This portrait, designed by Mary Gillick, captures the youthful and elegant visage of the Queen, adorned with a laurel wreath. The inscription around the portrait reads "ELIZABETH II DEI GRATIA REGINA F:D:" which stands for "Elizabeth II, by the Grace of God, Queen, Defender of the Faith." This legend emphasizes her sovereign authority and the continuity of the British monarchy.
The reverse of the coin showcases a wren, one of Britain’s smallest birds, perched on a branch. This design, created by Harold Wilson Parker, symbolizes the modest yet essential role of the farthing in everyday life. The denomination "FARTHING" is prominently displayed above the wren, with the date "1956" situated below it. These design elements serve both functional and decorative purposes, clearly indicating the coin's value and year of minting while celebrating Britain's natural heritage.
Minted in bronze, the 1956 farthing weighs approximately 2.83 grams and has a diameter of about 20 millimeters. The use of bronze for lower denomination coins was a practical choice, providing durability and resistance to corrosion. This composition ensured the coin's longevity and resilience in circulation, making it well-suited to the rigors of daily use.
The mintage of the 1956 farthing was substantial, reflecting its importance in the everyday economic activities of mid-20th-century Britain. While exact mintage figures can be elusive due to historical record-keeping practices, farthings from this period were produced in large quantities to meet the demands of a growing population and an expanding economy.
In terms of condition, coins in Uncirculated (UNC) grade, like the 1956 farthing, exhibit no wear and retain all the original details as they were minted. In UNC condition, the intricate details of Queen Elizabeth II's portrait and the wren on the reverse remain sharp and well-defined, with the coin showing no signs of circulation. The coin retains its full mint luster, making it a highly desirable piece for collectors.
Great Britain has a rich and varied numismatic history, with coins like the 1956 farthing serving as tangible connections to the past. These coins reflect the economic conditions, technological advancements, and artistic standards of their time. Collecting farthings provides insight into the daily life of mid-20th-century Britain, highlighting the importance of small denominations in the broader economy.
One interesting fact about Great Britain during the mid-20th century is its period of recovery and transformation following World War II. Despite the economic challenges and societal changes, the country managed to rebuild and modernize its infrastructure and industry. The imagery of the wren on the farthing symbolizes the modest yet resilient nature of the British people, reinforcing the nation's spirit of perseverance and renewal during this transformative era.
The Great Britain 1 Farthing 1956 KM#895 in Uncirculated condition is a valuable piece for collectors, offering a snapshot of mid-20th-century Britain. Its design, historical context, and the era it represents make it a cherished artifact for numismatists and historians alike. This coin remains a testament to the enduring legacy of Britain's numismatic heritage, bridging the past and present through its exquisite craftsmanship and historical significance.