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The Great Britain 1 Farthing of 1898, cataloged as KM#788.2, is a notable representation of late Victorian coinage, capturing the essence of a time marked by significant societal and economic changes. The farthing, a coin signifying one-fourth of a penny, has a rich history that stretches back to the 13th century, serving as a vital component of the British monetary system. By the late 19th century, the farthing was increasingly important for daily transactions, particularly for the working classes in rapidly growing urban areas.
During the reign of Queen Victoria, from 1837 to 1901, Britain underwent profound transformations. The period saw the rise of the Industrial Revolution, which fueled economic growth and led to the expansion of the British Empire. The farthing became an essential currency for the masses, as prices for everyday goods rose in the burgeoning urban centers. This particular coin reflects the social dynamics of the time, serving as a medium for countless small transactions that were crucial to daily life.
The obverse of the 1898 farthing features a finely detailed portrait of Queen Victoria, designed by the renowned engraver Sir Edward Charles Wyon. This image captures the queen in her later years, showcasing her regal demeanor, adorned with a tiara and intricate jewelry. The inscription surrounding her portrait reads “VICTORIA DEI GRATIA,” which translates to “Victoria, by the Grace of God.” This phrase is emblematic of the divine right of the monarchy, reinforcing the legitimacy of Queen Victoria’s reign during a period when the British monarchy held considerable influence and power.
On the reverse side, the design features the iconic figure of Britannia, who personifies Britain and symbolizes national pride. In this representation, Britannia is depicted seated, holding a trident and leaning against a shield that bears the Union Flag. The inscription “ONE FARTHING” clearly indicates the coin’s denomination, alongside the date “1898.” This imagery not only emphasizes the coin’s value but also evokes a sense of stability and strength during a time when Britain was experiencing significant growth and influence on the world stage.
The Royal Mint produced the 1898 farthing with exceptional craftsmanship, maintaining high standards in coin production. The Royal Mint has a long history of striking coins for Britain and is celebrated for its artistic designs and precision in minting. Coins that have been graded as AU (About Uncirculated) display sharp details and minimal wear, indicating their excellent preservation over time. This level of quality is particularly appealing to collectors, as it ensures that the coin can be appreciated for both its historical significance and its aesthetic qualities.
Approximately 6 million pieces of the 1898 farthing were minted, a figure that underscores its widespread use during its time. While this mintage might seem substantial, many coins were lost, damaged, or simply worn down during circulation. Consequently, high-quality examples, especially those graded as AU, are increasingly sought after by collectors. The limited availability of well-preserved coins enhances their desirability and value in today’s numismatic market, where collectors often look for pieces that tell a story and connect them to the past.
The historical significance of the 1898 farthing extends beyond its monetary function. It serves as a historical artifact that provides insights into the economic realities of the Victorian era. As Britain continued to industrialize and urbanize, the farthing became essential for facilitating daily commerce. The coin played a critical role in local markets where small denominations were necessary for everyday transactions, reflecting the economic conditions and consumer habits of the time.
The design elements of the 1898 farthing capture the values and aesthetics of the Victorian period, emphasizing national pride and stability. The figure of Britannia symbolizes Britain’s maritime power and imperial aspirations, which were particularly pronounced during this period. The farthing is not merely a coin; it embodies the experiences and sentiments of ordinary people, linking it to the broader narrative of British history and identity.
As a collectible, the 1898 Great Britain 1 Farthing appeals to a diverse audience of numismatists, from those with an interest in British history to those focused on Victorian artifacts. The coin's aesthetic qualities, historical context, and limited mintage make it a compelling piece for collectors. Furthermore, examples graded as AU serve as beautiful display items that showcase both the craftsmanship of the Royal Mint and the cultural significance of the coin.
In conclusion, the Great Britain 1 Farthing of 1898 is a remarkable coin that encapsulates a pivotal moment in British history, characterized by growth and transformation. Its design, historical context, and limited mintage contribute to its desirability among collectors. The farthing stands as a testament to the daily lives of ordinary citizens during an era of change, making it a valuable addition to any numismatic collection. Through its intricate design and rich history, the 1898 farthing continues to resonate with those who appreciate the artistry and significance of currency throughout time.