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The Great Britain 1 Farthing 1831 KM#705 XF is a significant piece of British numismatic history, capturing the essence of the early 19th century under the reign of King William IV. Minted in 1831, this coin provides valuable insights into the economic and cultural landscape of Britain during a period of considerable transition and development.
King William IV, known as the "Sailor King" due to his naval career, ascended to the throne in 1830 and ruled until 1837. His reign, although relatively short, was marked by significant political and social changes, including the passage of the Reform Act 1832, which began the process of democratizing the British electoral system. Coins minted during his reign, such as the 1 Farthing 1831, reflect the stability and ongoing evolution of the British monarchy and economy.
The obverse of the 1 Farthing 1831 features a right-facing bust of King William IV, designed by William Wyon, one of the most renowned engravers of the time. The portrait captures the king's distinct features with a high level of detail and realism. Surrounding the bust is the inscription "GULIELMUS IIII D:G: BRITANNIAR REX F:D:" which translates to "William IV, by the Grace of God, King of the Britains, Defender of the Faith." This elegant design underscores the king's role and the formal titles associated with the British monarchy.
The reverse design of the coin depicts Britannia, the allegorical figure representing Britain, seated facing right. She holds a trident in her left hand and a shield bearing the Union Jack in her right, symbolizing maritime strength and protection. The word "FARTHING" is inscribed above Britannia, with the date "1831" below. The design also includes a lighthouse and a ship in the background, further emphasizing Britain's naval dominance and colonial reach. The reverse design, also by William Wyon, reflects the artistic standards and symbolism of the period, celebrating Britain's power and heritage.
The Great Britain 1 Farthing 1831 KM#705 was minted at the Royal Mint in London, the primary minting institution for British coinage. The Royal Mint has a long-standing history of producing high-quality coins, and the 1831 Farthing is no exception. The meticulous craftsmanship and attention to detail evident in this coin highlight the Royal Mint's commitment to excellence.
In 1831, the mintage of the 1 Farthing coins was part of a broader effort to ensure an adequate supply of small denomination coins for everyday transactions. Farthings were essential for minor purchases and were widely used by the general public. The exact mintage numbers for the 1831 Farthing can vary, but these coins were produced in sufficient quantities to meet the economic demands of the time.
The condition of the Great Britain 1 Farthing 1831 KM#705 is described as "XF" (Extremely Fine), indicating that the coin shows only slight wear on the highest points of the design. Coins in XF condition retain most of their original detail and luster, with minor evidence of circulation. This level of preservation enhances the coin's value and appeal to collectors, as it demonstrates the high quality of the minting process and the careful handling over the years.
A notable fact about Great Britain during the early 19th century is its position as a leading global power, driven by the Industrial Revolution and extensive colonial expansion. The period saw significant advancements in technology, industry, and infrastructure, which transformed the British economy and society. The coins minted during this time, including the 1 Farthing 1831, reflect the economic vitality and technological progress that defined the era.
The Great Britain 1 Farthing 1831 KM#705 XF is a tangible artifact of early 19th-century Britain's economic history and industrial growth. Its detailed design and well-preserved condition make it a valuable addition to any numismatic collection. This coin not only offers a glimpse into the economic landscape of Britain during the reign of King William IV but also serves as a testament to the enduring legacy of British craftsmanship and the significant developments of the Industrial Revolution.