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The Great Britain 1/3 Farthing coin from 1902, cataloged as KM#823, is a notable piece of numismatic history that reflects the economic conditions and societal values of early 20th-century Britain. As a small denomination coin, the 1/3 Farthing is an intriguing representation of the British currency system during a time of significant change. The coin captures the essence of a society navigating its economic landscape while adhering to traditions established over centuries.
The history of the 1/3 Farthing coin is rooted in the complexities of British currency during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The introduction of smaller denominations was a response to inflation and the changing needs of consumers. As the population grew and commerce expanded, there was a demand for practical, low-denomination coins that could facilitate everyday transactions. The 1/3 Farthing was minted during the reign of King Edward VII, who ascended to the throne in 1901. This period was marked by a shift in the British Empire’s dynamics, as it grappled with industrialization and global competition, making reliable currency more essential than ever.
The design of the 1902 Great Britain 1/3 Farthing coin is both distinctive and elegant. The obverse features a left-facing portrait of King Edward VII, the first monarch of the 20th century. This portrait was created by the engraver George William de Saulles, whose work was renowned for its detail and artistry. Surrounding the king’s likeness are the inscriptions “EDWARD VII D.G. BRITT: OMN: REX F.D.”, which translates to "Edward VII, by the Grace of God, King of all Britons, Defender of the Faith." This design not only reflects the continuity of British monarchy but also underscores the national pride that accompanied the transition to a new king. The artistry involved in rendering Edward VII’s features showcases the high standards of craftsmanship that characterized coin production during this period.
On the reverse side, the coin features the denomination “1/3 FARTING” prominently displayed within a circular design, framed by a decorative border. The simplicity of the reverse design emphasizes the practical nature of the coin, which was intended for everyday use. This straightforward design approach facilitated ease of recognition in circulation, ensuring that the coin served its purpose effectively. The 1/3 Farthing was designed to be easily distinguishable, catering to the practical needs of a society that relied on small denominations for daily transactions.
The 1/3 Farthing coin was minted at the Royal Mint in London, which has a long-standing history of producing coins for the British Empire. The Royal Mint was known for its high-quality production and craftsmanship, ensuring that each coin met rigorous standards. The minting process for the 1902 1/3 Farthing involved the use of bronze, a durable material suitable for low-denomination coins. The choice of bronze allowed for a cost-effective solution that could withstand the rigors of circulation while retaining its aesthetic qualities. The Royal Mint’s commitment to producing quality coinage is evident in the well-defined details found on the 1/3 Farthing.
In terms of mintage, the 1902 Great Britain 1/3 Farthing coin had a total production of approximately 1,090,000 pieces. This significant mintage indicates that the coin was intended for general circulation throughout Britain and its colonies, addressing the needs of the populace. However, due to the passage of time and the wear associated with circulation, many examples of this coin have been lost or damaged, making well-preserved specimens, particularly those graded as RB (Red-Brown) and UNC (Uncirculated), highly desirable among collectors. The RB designation indicates that the coin retains a significant amount of its original color, while UNC specimens showcase exceptional luster and minimal wear.
The significance of the Great Britain 1/3 Farthing 1902 KM#823 extends beyond its artistic and material attributes; it serves as a historical artifact connecting collectors to a vital moment in British history. The coin embodies the aspirations and challenges of a society that was navigating economic changes while maintaining its royal traditions. Collectors who acquire this coin gain not only a valuable piece of history but also a tangible link to the cultural context in which it was minted, allowing them to appreciate the broader implications of its design and production.
Moreover, the 1902 1/3 Farthing coin has garnered recognition among collectors for its rarity and historical significance. Its design and mintage make it a desirable item for those interested in British numismatics, particularly those focusing on the smaller denominations of the era. The coin’s connection to the identity of Great Britain and its representation of the monarchy during a transformative period add depth to its appeal, attracting collectors who value the stories that coins tell about their time and place.
In conclusion, the Great Britain 1/3 Farthing 1902 KM#823 RB UNC is a remarkable representation of the nation’s efforts to create a functional currency during a time of economic transition. With its elegant design, rich history, and connection to the formative years of British society, this coin stands as a testament to the resilience and aspirations of a young nation. By acquiring this coin, individuals can appreciate not only the beauty of the 1/3 Farthing but also the profound history and cultural heritage it represents. As a collectible, the 1902 1/3 Farthing remains a timeless symbol of Britain’s journey toward establishing a cohesive national identity and a stable economy.