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The France Ecu 1789R, graded MS60 by NGV (NGC), is a captivating piece of numismatic history, offering a window into a crucial juncture in French and global history. Minted in 1789, the same year as the outbreak of the French Revolution, this coin is not just a piece of currency but a relic from a time that reshaped France and influenced revolutions around the world. The 'R' mint mark indicates that it was produced at the Orléans Mint, one of several mints in France at that time which was actively involved in the production of currency used throughout the kingdom.
This ecu, a silver coin that was part of the currency system before and during the early stages of the Revolution, holds significant historical importance. The year 1789 is particularly pivotal, marking the beginning of the French Revolution with the storming of the Bastille and the subsequent fundamental social and political changes that would lead to the rise of the French Republic. This coin encapsulates the spirit of an era characterized by immense turmoil and the push for equality and liberty.
The design of the Ecu 1789R reflects the royal influence on the currency before the republic's establishment. The obverse of the coin features a classical portrait of King Louis XVI, wearing a laurel wreath, symbolizing his role as the monarch. Around his image, the legend "LUD XVI D G FR ET NAV REX" is inscribed, translating to "Louis XVI, by the Grace of God, King of France and Navarre." This design signifies the absolute power and divine right claimed by the monarchy at the time, a concept that would soon be challenged and dismantled during the revolution.
The reverse of the coin showcases the traditional coat of arms of France, which includes three fleur-de-lis symbols, denoting the royal family and the state. The design is completed with a crown above the shield and the coin's denomination marked clearly. The surrounding inscription, "CHRS REGN VINC IMPER," which stands for "Christ Reigns, Conquers, and Commands," underscores the deep connection between the monarchy and the Church, a linkage that would be questioned extensively during the revolutionary years.
In terms of its condition, being graded MS60 by NGC indicates that the coin is in Mint State, but with no wear. It may show numerous contact marks or significant detracting surface marks or blemishes, and luster might be lacking in areas. Coins in this condition are exceptional because they maintain the original mint luster and show no evidence of wear. It is relatively rare for coins from this period, especially those that were heavily circulated in a time of economic difficulty, to survive in such a condition.
The mintage of the Ecu coins in 1789 was substantial, as they were a fundamental part of the circulating medium of exchange. However, exact figures for this specific year and mint might not be well-documented, given the chaotic administrative conditions of the time. The survival of these coins in higher grades is somewhat rare, making them highly prized among collectors and historians for their beauty and historical significance.
Overall, the France Ecu 1789R MS60 NGC is more than just a monetary unit; it is a piece of historical art. Its design and preservation provide insight into the cultural and political landscape of late 18th-century France, at the very brink of monumental historical changes. For numismatists, historians, and collectors alike, this coin offers a tangible connection to one of the most tumultuous and transformative periods in history.