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The Certified 1878 Morgan Silver Dollar, 7/8 Tail Feathers (TF) Strong, graded MS64 by NGC, is an exceptional example of one of the most fascinating varieties in the Morgan Dollar series. The Morgan Silver Dollar, named after its designer George T. Morgan, is one of the most iconic and widely collected coins in U.S. numismatics. First minted in 1878, the series continued until 1904, with a final issue in 1921. The 7/8 Tail Feathers variety, which refers to an overstrike where seven tail feathers are visible over an earlier eight-tail feather design, adds a level of intrigue and complexity to this coin, making it highly sought after by collectors. In MS64 condition, this example showcases a remarkable combination of historical significance, sharp design, and high-grade preservation.
The obverse of the 1878 Morgan Silver Dollar features a left-facing portrait of Lady Liberty wearing a Phrygian cap, a symbol of freedom, adorned with a band inscribed with the word "LIBERTY." Surrounding her are 13 stars, representing the original colonies, with the date "1878" displayed prominently at the bottom of the coin. The design is inspired by classical depictions of Liberty and showcases George T. Morgan’s artistic skill in blending realism with symbolic imagery. In MS64 condition, the obverse of this coin retains a high level of detail, with sharp definition in Liberty’s hair, the cap, and facial features. The surfaces are lustrous, with minimal contact marks, which is typical for this grade, and the overall eye appeal of the coin remains strong, making it an attractive piece for collectors.
The reverse of the 1878 Morgan Silver Dollar is where the unique 7/8 Tail Feathers variety is found. The central design features a heraldic eagle with outstretched wings, clutching an olive branch and arrows in its talons, symbolizing peace and military preparedness. Surrounding the eagle are the inscriptions "UNITED STATES OF AMERICA" and "ONE DOLLAR," with the motto "IN GOD WE TRUST" displayed above the eagle’s head. The 7/8 Tail Feathers designation refers to the overstrike of seven tail feathers over an earlier design featuring eight tail feathers. The "Strong" designation means that the seven tail feathers are particularly well-defined and easy to discern, adding to the appeal and collectibility of the coin. In MS64 condition, the reverse is beautifully preserved, with the eagle’s feathers and other details remaining sharp, and the overall strike is strong, making this a standout example of this unique variety.
The 7/8 Tail Feathers variety came about due to adjustments made during the early production of the Morgan Dollar in 1878. Initially, the coins were struck with eight tail feathers on the eagle, but it was later determined that the proper number of tail feathers should be seven, in accordance with earlier depictions of the eagle on U.S. coinage. To correct this, the Mint re-engraved the dies to show seven tail feathers, but some of the earlier eight-tail feather design remained visible, resulting in the 7/8 Tail Feathers overstrike. This variety is particularly intriguing to collectors because it reflects the Mint’s efforts to correct a design issue during the coin’s first year of production, and the "Strong" designation indicates that the overstrike is clear and prominent.
The Morgan Silver Dollar series was first authorized by the Bland-Allison Act of 1878, which required the U.S. government to purchase large quantities of silver and mint it into coins. This was done to support the struggling silver mining industry and provide a stable currency for the nation. The Morgan Dollar was produced at several mints, including Philadelphia, New Orleans, San Francisco, and Carson City. The 1878 issue, struck at the Philadelphia Mint, marked the beginning of the series and is notable for the various design adjustments that were made during its first year. The 7/8 Tail Feathers variety is one of the most significant and collectible varieties from this inaugural year.
The mintage of the 1878 Morgan Silver Dollar, including all varieties, was substantial, with over 10 million coins struck at the Philadelphia Mint alone. However, the 7/8 Tail Feathers variety accounts for only a portion of that mintage, making it relatively scarce in comparison to the standard issue. Coins in higher grades, such as MS64, are even more desirable due to their sharp strikes and preservation of detail. The MS64 grade indicates that the coin has minimal wear and only slight contact marks, which are barely noticeable and do not detract from the coin’s overall appeal. Collectors of Morgan Dollars particularly prize well-preserved examples of the 7/8 Tail Feathers variety, as they represent an interesting chapter in the history of American coinage.
The Certified 1878 Morgan Silver Dollar, 7/8 Tail Feathers Strong, graded MS64 by NGC, is an outstanding example of this historically significant and collectible variety. Its combination of sharp detail, high-grade preservation, and the unique overstrike of the tail feathers make it a desirable piece for any Morgan Dollar collector. The coin’s connection to the early production history of the series, along with its aesthetic appeal and historical significance, ensures that it will remain a valued addition to any numismatic collection. Whether collected for its variety, its grade, or its role in the broader context of American silver coinage, this coin is a true treasure from the first year of the Morgan Dollar’s production.