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The Canada 5 cents coin from 1918, designated as KM#22, is a notable artifact in the numismatic landscape, offering insights into the historical and economic climate of Canada during the early 20th century. This coin was minted during the reign of King George V, a time marked by significant changes in Canadian society, including the aftermath of World War I. The year 1918 was pivotal as it marked the end of the war, and the coin serves as a reminder of the resilience and transformation of the nation during this period.
In the early 1900s, Canada was undergoing rapid industrialization and urbanization, driven by increased immigration and economic development. The need for small-denomination coins like the 5 cents piece was essential for facilitating everyday transactions. The 1918 5 cents coin encapsulates the spirit of a nation that was not only recovering from the ravages of war but also redefining its identity. This coin reflects the optimism and national pride that emerged as Canadians began to focus on rebuilding and forging a collective identity.
The Royal Canadian Mint produced the 1918 5 cents coin as part of its ongoing commitment to providing practical currency for everyday use. Established in 1908, the Mint represented Canada’s growing independence from British colonial influences, although many coins were still produced in collaboration with British facilities during this period. The minting of the 1918 coin illustrates the evolution of a uniquely Canadian currency, marking a significant step towards a more autonomous minting process.
On the obverse side of the 1918 5 cents coin, the portrait of King George V is prominently featured. This depiction captures him in a left-facing profile, wearing a crown and royal robes, symbolizing his authority as the monarch. Surrounding his image are the inscriptions "GEORGIVS V DEI GRA: REX IMPERATOR," which translates to "George V, by the Grace of God, King and Emperor." This inscription emphasizes the king's royal status and serves to reinforce Canada’s connection to the British monarchy during this time. The craftsmanship of the engraving reflects the artistic talent of the period, showcasing the high quality of minting standards.
The reverse design features a classic wreath made of maple leaves, a symbol that has become synonymous with Canadian identity. Encircling this wreath are the inscriptions "5 CENTS" and "1918," clearly indicating the coin's denomination and year of minting. The maple leaf design represents the growing sense of nationalism among Canadians, as they embraced symbols that reflected their heritage and connection to the land. The design is bordered by a decorative edge, enhancing the overall aesthetic appeal of the coin.
The 1918 5 cents coin is composed of 92.5% silver, a standard that was common for Canadian coins at the time. It has a diameter of 21.2 mm and weighs approximately 4.54 grams, making it practical and manageable for everyday use. The use of silver not only adds intrinsic value to the coin but also ensures its durability, allowing it to withstand the rigors of circulation over time. This composition reflects the mint's dedication to producing functional currency that could endure regular use while remaining accessible to the general public.
The mintage of the 1918 5 cents coin is estimated to be around 1.2 million pieces. This relatively high production figure indicates that the coin was widely circulated, making it a common item in daily transactions. While it may not be among the rarest coins in the series, its historical context and unique design details contribute to its appeal among collectors who appreciate the deeper narratives behind the coins they collect.
In terms of condition, the 1918 5 cents coin classified as Extra Fine (XF) exhibits minor signs of wear from circulation but retains several recognizable details. Coins in this grade typically show some flattening on the high points, but the essential design elements remain sharp and clear. The portrait of King George V and the maple leaf wreath should still be well-defined, although some details may have softened over time due to handling. The surfaces may show light scratches or marks from circulation, but these characteristics add to the coin's history and narrative.
The Canada 5 cents 1918 KM#22 coin is not merely a piece of currency; it is a valuable artifact that captures a moment in Canada’s evolving identity during a significant historical period. Its design, mintage, and condition contribute to its importance as a collectible item. Collectors and historians appreciate the 1918 5 cents for its representation of Canadian heritage, its connection to the British monarchy, and its role in the development of a uniquely Canadian currency system as the nation navigated the challenges and opportunities of the post-war era.