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The Bust Half Dollar of 1825 is a noteworthy example of early American coinage, reflecting a period of significant change and development in the United States. This coin was produced during the final years of the Bust Half Dollar series, which spanned from 1807 to 1836. The early 1820s were a time of economic growth and political stability in the U.S., following the War of 1812. The 1825 issue represents a continuation of the design and minting traditions established earlier in the series, while also reflecting the evolving needs of the American economy.
The design of the 1825 Bust Half Dollar is characteristic of the neoclassical style that was prevalent in American coinage during this period. The obverse features a profile portrait of Liberty, designed by engraver John Reich. Liberty is depicted with a flowing hairstyle and adorned with a headband inscribed with the word “LIBERTY.” This design element emphasizes the themes of freedom and democratic ideals that were central to the American identity. The reverse of the coin displays a heraldic eagle, also created by Reich, with its wings outstretched and clutching an olive branch and arrows. The eagle’s pose, with its talons holding symbols of peace and preparedness for conflict, reflects the dual focus of the United States on maintaining peace while being ready for defense. Above the eagle, the banner reads “E PLURIBUS UNUM,” highlighting the unity of the states. The reverse design showcases the intricate craftsmanship of the engravers and the quality of early 19th-century minting practices.
The 1825 Bust Half Dollar was minted at the Philadelphia Mint, which was the primary facility for producing U.S. coinage during this era. Established in 1792, the Philadelphia Mint was instrumental in the development of American coinage and played a key role in the nation’s financial system. The mintage of the 1825 Bust Half Dollar was relatively modest compared to some other years, with a total of 252,000 coins struck. This mintage reflects the coin’s role in everyday transactions and its place in the broader context of early 19th-century American commerce. The relatively limited production adds to the coin’s appeal and historical significance for collectors and historians.
In terms of condition, a Fine (F) grade for the 1825 Bust Half Dollar indicates that the coin has experienced noticeable wear but still retains a considerable amount of its original design features. In Fine condition, the coin’s major design elements are visible, although they may be somewhat worn or faded. The obverse of the coin will show Liberty’s profile and the inscription “LIBERTY,” with the details of her hair and face being less distinct due to wear. On the reverse, the eagle and the motto “E PLURIBUS UNUM” are discernible, though the high points of the feathers and shield may exhibit some wear. Despite the signs of wear, the coin’s overall design remains intact, and its historical value is preserved. Collectors value coins in Fine condition for their ability to offer a tangible connection to the early years of American coinage, despite the wear and handling they have experienced over time.
The 1825 Bust Half Dollar is a significant piece in the study of early American numismatics, offering insights into the nation’s history and the evolution of its coinage. The coin’s design, minting history, and condition all contribute to its importance and appeal. As a product of the Philadelphia Mint and an example of John Reich’s artistic vision, the 1825 Bust Half Dollar represents a pivotal moment in American history. Collectors and historians appreciate this coin for its historical significance, its role in early American finance, and its representation of the artistic and technical standards of early 19th-century coinage.