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The Buffalo Nickel, first minted in 1913, marked a significant era in American numismatic history, introducing a design that celebrated the country's indigenous culture and wildlife. The 1913 Type 1 Buffalo Nickel features the distinct design of a Native American on the obverse and an American buffalo on the reverse, created by sculptor James Earle Fraser. His intention was to produce a coin that captured the spirit and essence of the American West, which he accomplished with this iconic imagery.
The design of the Type 1 specifically shows the buffalo standing on a raised mound, which was changed in subsequent issues due to wear issues on the high points. The obverse of the coin features the right-profile portrait of a Native American, believed to be a composite of several individuals, including Iron Tail, Two Moons, and Big Tree. Each detail on the coin from the feathers in the hair to the rugged texture of the buffalo’s fur was meticulously crafted to provide a sense of depth and realism seldom seen in earlier coin designs.
This particular coin is graded as About Good (AG), indicating significant wear with major details and lettering still visible but faint. In this grade, the coin shows extensive circulation, which can appeal to collectors who value coins with stories and character. While the finer details of Fraser’s design have been worn down, the coin still holds historical and aesthetic value as a piece of American heritage.
The mintage of the 1913 Type 1 Buffalo Nickel was quite substantial, as it was produced to meet the robust demand for small denomination currency in a growing economy. It was minted at three locations: Philadelphia, Denver, and San Francisco. The vast production run, combined with the public’s initial fascination with its design, made this coin one of the most widely recognized in American numismatics.
The release of the Buffalo Nickel was met with public acclaim, as it was seen as a departure from the more traditional designs of previous American coins. Its introduction was part of a broader movement in the early 20th century that sought to redefine American coinage with more artistic and culturally significant motifs. This period saw the redesign of many coin types, which included not only the Buffalo Nickel but also the Lincoln Cent and the Mercury Dime. The Buffalo Nickel, with its stark and rugged imagery, quickly became a symbol of American frontier heritage and has remained popular among collectors and historians alike.
In summary, the Buffalo Nickel 1913 Type 1 About Good is a tangible representation of America's past, embodying the artistry and vision of its era. Despite its worn condition, it continues to be a sought-after piece by collectors who appreciate both its aesthetic qualities and its role in the broader narrative of American history. The coin not only reflects the artistic ambitions of its creator but also stands as a reminder of the era it represents, making it a cherished artifact of national heritage.