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The $5 Gold Liberty coin minted in 1902 is a remarkable piece of American numismatic history, celebrated for its striking design and historical significance. This coin is part of the Liberty Head series, which was created under the guidance of engraver James B. Longacre. The series debuted in 1839 and continued until 1908, embodying the ideals of liberty and freedom that are central to American identity. The 1902 coin, specifically, holds a special place in collectors' hearts due to its unique characteristics and aesthetic appeal.
The obverse of the 1902 $5 Gold Liberty features a finely detailed portrait of Lady Liberty, facing left. She is adorned with a coronet inscribed with the word “LIBERTY,” symbolizing the nation’s commitment to freedom. The design is further enhanced by the presence of thirteen stars arranged around her head, which represent the original thirteen colonies that laid the groundwork for the United States. The date “1902” is engraved just beneath her neck, providing a clear reference to the year of minting. Longacre's artistry is on full display, capturing the essence of Lady Liberty with intricate details in her hair and facial features, showcasing the high standards of craftsmanship of that era.
On the reverse side, the coin depicts the iconic American bald eagle, a powerful symbol of strength and freedom. The eagle is rendered with its wings spread wide, clutching an olive branch in one talon and a bundle of arrows in the other. This imagery signifies a dual commitment to peace and readiness for defense. Surrounding the eagle are the inscriptions “UNITED STATES OF AMERICA” and “FIVE DOLLARS,” clearly identifying the coin’s denomination and its status as legal tender. The reverse design complements the obverse beautifully, embodying the values and ideals associated with the United States.
The 1902 $5 Gold Liberty coin is composed of 90% gold and 10% copper, giving it a total weight of approximately 8.359 grams. Its diameter measures about 21.6 mm, providing a substantial feel that reflects its intrinsic value. The golden luster and hue of the coin are visually appealing, embodying the wealth and prosperity associated with gold coins of this era. The coin’s AU (About Uncirculated) condition indicates that it has retained much of its original luster and fine detail, making it particularly desirable among collectors and investors alike.
This specific coin was minted at the Philadelphia Mint, the primary mint facility in the United States at the time. The absence of a mintmark indicates its Philadelphia origin, while the quality of minting from this facility is well-regarded. The total mintage for the 1902 $5 Gold Liberty was approximately 1,724,000 pieces, which was a significant production for the time. This relatively high number reflects the demand for gold coins in circulation, as they were commonly used in commerce and trade across the nation.
The $5 Gold Liberty series holds great significance in American numismatic history, symbolizing the values of freedom, strength, and resilience. Coins like the 1902 piece were integral to the economic landscape of the early 20th century, a period characterized by industrial growth and national expansion. The Gold Rush and subsequent economic developments solidified gold's role as a fundamental component of the American monetary system, and the Liberty Head series represented this important aspect of the economy.
Collectors are drawn to the 1902 $5 Gold Liberty coin not only for its beauty but also for the historical context it represents. The Liberty Head series is a cherished part of American numismatic history, celebrating ideals that have shaped the nation. Each coin in this series tells a story that connects collectors with the founding principles of the United States, making the $5 Gold Liberty a coveted item for both history enthusiasts and investors.
In conclusion, the $5 Gold Liberty 1902 coin is a stunning representation of American artistry and history. Its intricate design, featuring Lady Liberty and the majestic bald eagle, captures the essence of American ideals. The coin's composition, minting details, and mintage figures further enhance its appeal among collectors. As a part of the Liberty Head series, this coin not only serves as a valuable collectible but also as a lasting symbol of the nation's commitment to freedom and resilience throughout its history.