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The $5 Gold Indian 1913 Extra Fine coin is a remarkable example of early 20th-century American coinage, known for its unique design and historical significance. This coin is part of the $5 Gold Indian series, which was introduced to bring a fresh and modern look to American currency. The 1913 issue is particularly prized by collectors for its intricate design, historical context, and relatively low mintage.
The $5 Gold Indian series was designed by Bela Lyon Pratt, a renowned sculptor of the time. This series is notable for its innovative incuse relief design, where the design elements are recessed into the coin's surface rather than raised. This technique was a significant departure from the traditional high-relief designs and gave the coins a distinct and recognizable appearance. The obverse of the 1913 coin features a detailed profile of a Native American chief adorned with a full headdress of feathers. The design is surrounded by 13 stars representing the original thirteen colonies, along with the word "LIBERTY" at the top and the year "1913" at the bottom.
The reverse of the $5 Gold Indian coin features a powerful eagle perched on a bundle of arrows and an olive branch, symbols of war and peace, respectively. The eagle design is robust and meticulously detailed, embodying the strength and spirit of the United States. Surrounding the eagle are the inscriptions "UNITED STATES OF AMERICA," "E PLURIBUS UNUM," and "IN GOD WE TRUST," along with the denomination "FIVE DOLLARS." The use of incuse relief on both sides of the coin enhances its visual appeal and adds a tactile element that is unique among American coinage.
The $5 Gold Indian 1913 coin was minted at the Philadelphia Mint, one of the oldest and most prestigious minting facilities in the United States. Established in 1792, the Philadelphia Mint has a long history of producing high-quality coins and has played a crucial role in the development of American numismatics. Coins produced at this mint are known for their exceptional craftsmanship and attention to detail, qualities that are evident in the 1913 $5 Gold Indian coin.
The mintage of the 1913 $5 Gold Indian coin was relatively limited, contributing to its desirability among collectors. Approximately 300,000 of these coins were struck that year, reflecting the limited production of gold coinage during this period. Many of these coins have since been lost, melted down, or heavily circulated, making well-preserved examples in Extra Fine condition particularly valuable.
In Extra Fine condition, the $5 Gold Indian 1913 coin displays sharp and clear details, with only minimal wear on the highest points of the design. The feather details in the headdress and the eagle's feathers remain well-defined, showcasing the artistry of Bela Lyon Pratt. The fields of the coin, or the flat surfaces, retain much of their original luster, providing a pleasing visual contrast to the recessed design elements. Coins in this condition are highly sought after by collectors for their aesthetic appeal and historical significance.
The $5 Gold Indian 1913 Extra Fine coin is not just a piece of currency but a work of art and a tangible link to America's past. The design reflects a period of artistic innovation and cultural recognition, as the nation sought to honor the heritage and contributions of Native American peoples. The coin's production at the Philadelphia Mint and its relatively low mintage add layers of historical importance, making it a fascinating subject of study for numismatists and historians alike.
In summary, the $5 Gold Indian 1913 Extra Fine coin stands as a testament to the ingenuity and artistry of early 20th-century American coinage. With its unique incuse design by Bela Lyon Pratt, its production at the prestigious Philadelphia Mint, and its limited mintage, this coin is a cherished piece in any numismatic collection. It embodies the spirit of innovation and cultural acknowledgment that characterized the era, making it a valuable and meaningful collectible.